The possibilities to use Kohn-Sham density functional theory to make accurate predictions of core photoelectron binding energies and chemical shifts are explored through a series of calculations on compounds of different size and type. The recent proposal of an ``unrestricted generalized transition state'' (UGTS) method, for this purpose is put to test versus full separate state optimizations of the ground and core hole states, that is a ``$\Delta$Kohn-Sham'' ($\Delta$KS) method. It is found that while internal parametrizations in terms of grid and basis set expansions can be well controlled there is still a notable dependency of the absolute binding energies on the choice of functional for both the UGTS and $\Delta$KS methods. As for pure ab initio $\Delta$SCF the former method must still be viewed as an approximation of the latter. Keeping these dependences in mind, Kohn-Sham calculations seem to provide a promising tool for predicting binding energies and chemical shifts of an accuracy that approaches that of experiment.